INDEX ASSESSMENT OF HYGIENE AND CONDITION OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES IN PATIENTS WITH DENTITION DEFECTS

Abstract

The purpose of the study. To assess the state of hygiene and periodontal tissues in patients with dentition defects, residents of Zakarpattia region. Materials and methods. The study was conducted among 282 patients of the University Dental Polyclinic LLC, Uzhgorod (94 men and 188 women) for the period 2019-2023. Clinical groups were determined according to Kennedy's classification of dentition defects, in particular, class 1 includes bilateral end defects of tooth rows, class 2 – unilateral end defects of tooth rows, class 3 – unilateral included defects in the lateral section, class 4 – included defects of the front section. The state of hygiene (according to the Fedorov-Volodkinoi index), the presence of gingival inflammation (according to the PMA index) and the presence of inflammatory and destructive changes in the periodontium (according to the Russel periodontal index) were determined. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out on a personal computer using licensed programs “MS Excel 7” for the operating system “Windows” and the standard program package “STATISTICA” v. 6.0. Scientific novelty. Determining the state of hygiene and the presence of inflammation in the periodontal tissues proves the cause of tooth loss in patients older than 25 years as the main factor and poses the problem of choosing methods for restoring the integrity of the dentition, taking into account the existing inflammatory process. In all examined patients, hygiene was defined as unsatisfactory, the differences in indicators between groups were not reliable (2.4±0.01; 2.3±0.02; 2.2±0.01; 2.3±0.02; p >0.05). The presence of an average degree of severity of gingivitis was established, the differences between the groups were not significant (48.0±1.84; 46.0±1.20; 39.5±1.39; 41.3±0.49; p>0, 05). Unreliable differences in indicators of the severity of periodontitis were diagnosed at the average level (3.8±0.04; 3.2±0.02; 3.5±0.01; 3.3±0.01; p>0.05). Conclusions. In the largest group of 35–44 year olds (35.1%) with predominance of defects on the upper jaw (56.7%) of the 3rd class according to Kennedy (37.6%) with unilateral included defects in the lateral department, hygiene was defined as unsatisfactory, gingivitis of medium was diagnosed degree of severity, and periodontitis was established at the level of medium degree of severity (p>0.05).