THE NATURE OF CHANGES IN DENTAL HEALTH CAUSED BY PARTIAL LOSS OF TEETH IN PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS

Abstract

Purpose of the study. Determining the state of dental health in persons with partial loss of teeth in the age aspect in dynamics for the purpose of rational planning of orthopedic treatment and prevention of complications of dental prosthetics. Research methods. In order to determine the nature of pathological changes in the maxillofacial system in persons with dentition defects with a complicated course and in order to plan methods of optimal orthopedic rehabilitation, a clinical and laboratory study of the level of dental health was conducted in 355 persons with dentition defects of various etiologies, aged from 18 to 59 years with the use of clinical and special research methods before the beginning of prosthetics. Data obtained from 26 people of a control group of the same age without partial loss of teeth were used for comparative assessment. All examined patients were divided into three age groups. The first group included 108 patients aged 18 to 29 (30.3% of the total number of examined); to the second – 132 patients (35.6%) from 30 to 44 years old; the third group consisted of 125 patients (34.1%) aged 45 to 59 years. The assessment of the state of dental health of persons with defects of the dentition was carried out based on the analysis of hygiene indices, the condition of the hard tissues of the teeth and periodontal tissues, in particular, the indices of KPV, RMA, J. C. Green and J. R. Vermillion, Yu. A. Fedorova and V. V. Volodkina were determined and Schiller-Pysarev tests. Scientific novelty. Scientific data on the nature of pathological changes in dental health caused by partial tooth loss in individuals of different age groups in dynamics, and the influence of oral hygiene on the course of partial tooth loss in the age aspect, were deepened. Conclusions. The analysis of the results of the conducted studies proved that the main causes of partial tooth loss in the examined patients were: a) caries and its complications (pulpitis, periodontitis); b) diseases of periodontal tissues; c) complications of endodontic treatment; d) destruction of a tooth under an artificial crown. The dynamics of clinical pathological changes and the state of dental health deteriorates according to the age of the formation of dentition defects, in the age aspect, which indicates the need for timely restoration of the integrity of the dentition during the rehabilitation of dental patients. The state of oral hygiene and the state of dental health in general should be taken into account when planning orthopedic treatment to prevent complications of dental prosthetics and prolong the service life of orthopedic structures.