INFLUENCE OF THE ORAL CAVITY CONDITION ON THE COURSE OF SARS-COV-2 INFECTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35220/2078-8916-2021-42-4.13Keywords:
oral cavity, periodontitis, SARS-CoV-2, cytokine stormAbstract
Introduction. To date, the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been a major challenge for the health care system worldwide. A number of studies have demonstrated a two-way relationship between severe clinical course of COVID-19 and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. However, there are only single studies on the role of chronic oral diseases, such as periodontitis, in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of the study. Analyze the literature data on the impact of oral diseases on the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Research methods. Search and analysis of literature using MEDLINE / PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Google Scholar. Articles were selected by keywords: COVID-19, periodontitis, oral cavity, SARS-CoV-2, cytokine storm. The search was limited to peer-reviewed articles published from January 2020 to September 2021. Scientific novelty. To date, the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and oral disease is poorly understood in the scientific literature. Conclusions. To effectively control the COVID-19 pandemic, it is critical to reduce the spread of infection by not only taking emergency preventive measures, but also identifying possible reservoirs of the virus in patients with COVID-19. In our case, one of such reservoirs is gingival fluid, which is characterized by high sensitivity of the diagnostic smear. Periodontal disease according to the results of the studies can further enhance the release of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8) due to altered microflora, expression of multiple viral receptors (ACE-2 and TMPRSS2 receptors), bacterial superinfection and aspiration of periodontal pathogens. To determine the exact mechanisms, further clinical trials are needed to fully assess periodontal status in patients with COVID-19.
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