IRRITATION FIBROMA OF THE ORAL MUCOSA: CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES, RISK OF MALIGNANCY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35220/2078-8916-2023-50-4.6Keywords:
irritation fibroma, oral mucosa, reactive proliferative lesion, pathohistological diagnostic, risk of malignancy, laser surgery.Abstract
Irritation fibroma of the oral mucosa is a reactive proliferative lesion that result from persistent local irritation or mechanical damage to the mucosa. Purpose of the study. To determine clinical and morphological features of oral irritation fibroma in patients of different sex and age. Research methods. For the period of 2020-2023, 19 people with irritation fibroma aged 25 to 72 years were examined. In 12 patients, fibroma was removed by conventional surgery, in 7 patients – using a high-intensity diode laser. Pathohistological examination of biopsy material was carried out. Results. It was found that irritation fibroma is most common in middle-aged and elderly people, over 45 years old (84.2 %). The average age of patients was 56.9±2.7 years. Among patients with irritation fibroma, women dominated (68.4 %). Clinical studies have shown that chronic mechanical trauma was the cause of fibroma in all cases. By localization, fibroma is most often found on the tongue (36.8 %) and on the cheek (26.3 %), as well as on the lower lip (21.1 %) and on the alveolar process or gingiva (15.8 %). The average size of the irritation fibroma by diameter was 0,87±0,07 cm. According to the results of the pathomorphological study, it was found that all biopsies are hyperplastic fibrous formations of varying degrees of maturity and inflammation. Some irritation fibromas had morphological features that are characteristic of formations with the likelihood of degeneration into a malignant tumor. Therefore, by analogy with chronic traumatic ulcer, they can be classified as an optional precancer with a low risk of malignancy. Conclusions. Irritation fibroma is most common in people over 45 years of age, mainly in women and localized in most cases on the tongue and cheeks. Oral irritation fibroma for some morphological features may have a risk of malignancy.
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