ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF X-RAY EXAMINATION OF BONE TISSUE IN PATIENTS WITH MANDIBULAR FRACTURES ON ADMISSION TO THE HOSPITAL

Abstract

The aim of the study – to analyze the qualitative and quantitative state of bone tissue in patients with mandibular fractures on admission to the hospital. Research methods. Radiological examination was performed in 151 patients with mandibular fractures, aged 18-44 years: 92 patients (60.93%) were male and 59 patients (39.07%) were female. All patients underwent standard orthopantomograms on an «Orthophos XH» (Sirona) radiograph. For the qualitative characterization of the cortical layer of the mandible, the MCI index (mandibular cortical index) was used according to Klemrtt I E. and co-authors. The intensity of bone mineralization in the areas of mandibular fracture was determined by calculating the increase in bone tissue optical density on digital orthopantomograms using the «Image G» software. Scientific novelty. In the analysis of orthopantomograms of patients with mandibular fractures, using the MCI index, it was found that in both sexes, the C2 bone type prevailed, which was objectified in 62.25±3.94 % of the subjects, p<0.01. It should be noted that the mandibular cortical plate type C1 was diagnosed 1.4 times more often in men than in women with mandibular fractures (33.70±4.93 % vs. 23.73±5.53 %, p>0.05, respectively). Type C2 was found in almost the same number of patients of both sexes: 60.87±5.09 % of men and 64.41±6.23 % of women, p>0.05. At the same time, the type of mandibular cortical plate C3 was objectified 2.2 times more often in women than in men with traumatic lesions of the mandible (11.86±4.20 % vs. 5.43±1.36 %, p>0.05, respectively). In the age interval of 18-25 years, the optical density of the mandibular bone tissue was lower compared to the data in the control group: by 9.35% in men, p1>0.05, and by 14.14 % in women, p<0.05, p1>0.05. At the same time, in patients aged 26-35 years, the optical density of the mandibular bone tissue was lower compared to the data in the control group: in males – by 19.41 %, p<0.01, p2<0.05, and in females by 28.44%, p, p2<0.01, p1<0.05. In patients aged 36-44 years, the optical density of bone tissue was lower: in men – by 30.30 %, p, p2<0.01 and by 37.37 % and in women, p, p2<0.01, p1, p3<0.05. Conclusions. Thus, the study revealed that the type of mandibular cortical plate C1 was 1.4 times more often diagnosed in men than in women, and C3 was 2.2 times more often diagnosed in women than in men (11.86 % vs. 5.43 %, respectively). At the same time, the type of cortical lamina C2 was objectified in 60.87 % of men and 64.41% of women. The optical density of the mandibular bone tissue was on average 19.68 % lower in men and 26.18 % lower in women compared to the control group, p<0.01.