QUALITY OF LIFE AS AN INDICATOR OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SINGLE-STEP DENTAL IMPLANTATION ACCORDING TO A ONE-STAGE PROTOCOL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35220/2078-8916-2024-51-1.21Keywords:
dental implantation, quality of life.Abstract
The study aims to investigate the dynamics of quality of life in patients after single-step dental implantation according to a one-stage protocol, depending on the technique of its implementation. Materials and methods. The study included 56 patients who underwent single-step dental implantation according to a one-stage protocol. Depending on the technique of dental implantation, patients were divided into two groups: the index group consisted of 25 patients who, after tooth extraction, had the implant placed in the prepared bed with a preliminary filling of the socket with Sensobone xenograft, after which a soft tissue cuff reinforced with bone grafting material was formed (the soft tissue area was filled with Sensobone xenograft and free connective tissue autograft), followed by fixation of a temporary crown. The comparison group included 26 patients who, after tooth extraction, had the implant placed in a prepared bed with a preliminary filling of the socket with Sensobone xenograft, after which the soft tissue area was filled with Sensobone xenograft and a temporary crown was fixed. To assess the quality of life (QOL), patients were asked to fill out the OHIP- 14 questionnaire before the implantation, three months, and one year after implantation. The study results were processed using the statistical package of the licensed software "Statistica, version 13" (Copyright 1984-2018 TIBCO Software Inc. All rights reserved. License No. JPZ8041382130ARCN10-J). Results. Problems with 1-2 teeth in patients requiring dental implantation led to limited QOL problems, reflected in the overall increase in the OHIP-14 integral score. Patients in both groups had unsatisfactory QOL before implantation; this was associated with a significant increase in almost all OHIP- 14 indicators, which significantly depended on the number of implants placed in the patient. In both groups, the QOL was unsatisfactory mainly due to the psychosocial aspect, physical factor, and lower life satisfaction due to dental problems. It was found that already three months after implantation, a significant increase in the level of QOL to a satisfactory state was determined in both groups. However, in the index group, QOL was better than in the comparison group, as indicated by the OHIP-14 integral score, which was 12 % significantly lower. One year after implantation, patients of the index group reported an OHIP-14 integral score of (8.5±0.8) units, which indicated good QOL. In the comparison group, this index was (14.2±0.8) units, which indicated satisfactory QOL. Normalization of QOL in patients of the index group was due to the restoration of physical condition, pain relief, normalization of psychosocial state, and increased sense of life satisfaction. Some patients in the comparison group continued to have problems with physical and psychosocial disorders. Conclusions. Single-step dental implantation according to a one-stage protocol is an significant factor influencing the improvement of QOL in patients. Therefore, QOL is an important indicator of the effectiveness of single-step dental implantation according to a one-stage protocol. The use of a soft tissue cuff reinforced with bone grafting material allows achieving good QOL one year after implantation, compared to the use of a matrix made of bone grafting material alone, where, after the same period, QOL remains satisfactory.
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