THE ROLE OF NEUROGENIC MECHANISMS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF GENERALISED PERIODONTITIS: PSYCHOEMOTIONAL INFLUENCES AND ADAPTIVE RESPONSES

Abstract

The aim of the study – a comprehensive analysis and systematization of current literature data on the involvement of neurogenic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of generalized periodontitis, in particular the influence of psycho-emotional factors and adaptive reactions, to determine their importance in the formation of pathophysiological changes in periodontal tissues. Research methods. The study took the form of a systematic literature review using leading electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science. Key search terms were used to identify scientific publications relevant to the research topic: «periodontal tissue», «periodontitis», «stress», «central nervous system», «vegetative nervous system». The sample included articles published in the last 10 years. Articles without access to the full text or those that did not meet the search criteria were excluded from the analysis.  As a result of the studies it was found out that the clinical structure of psychosomatic relations in patients with periodontal disease of inflammatory and destructive nature includes autonomic dysfunction, which manifests itself against the background of personality traits and psychoemotional disorders and proceeds with initial sympathetic hypercompensation, neurosis-like disorders accompanied by the predominance of the asthenic component (emotional lability, increased fatigue, exhaustion, distraction, sleep disturbances, headaches, etc.). ) The increasing severity of the pathological process in periodontal tissues is associated with the increase in central nervous system and autonomic nervous system disorders.