SOME ASPECTS OF THE USE OF STANDARD AND INDIVIDUALLY MODELED ABUTMENTS IN THE PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH PARTIAL TOOTH LOSS WITH ORTHOPEDIC STRUCTURES BASED ON DENTAL IMPLANTS

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to increase the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment and prolong the period of use of fixed dental prostheses supported by dental implants by using individually modeled abutments. Research materials and methods. To solve the research tasks, we conducted an examination using clinical and special research methods of 67 people aged 30 to 59 years, of whom 29 men and 38 women, who sought medical and advisory help and had fixed orthopedic structures in the oral cavity with support on dental implants. According to the type of installed abutments, the patients were divided into two groups. The first group (group I) of the study included 29 people whose superstructures were made on standard abutments. The second group (II group) of the study consisted of 38 people who were made orthopedic structures based on dental implants with individually modeled prosthetic elements. The control group (III group) included 12 people of the same age group with intact dentitions and physiological forms of bite, who had intact dentitions without clinically diagnosed dental diseases. The condition of orthopedic structures and peri-implant tissues was assessed clinically and radiologically using focused dental radiography and computer tomography, the Silness-Loe index (1997) was used to determine the presence of inflammatory processes in the gums. Scientific novelty. Scientific data on the use of standard and individually modeled abutments in the prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with partial tooth loss with orthopedic structures based on -dental implants were deepened. Conclusions. The use of dental prostheses based on dental implants due to the retention properties of the structure contributes to the deterioration of oral hygiene, which requires the systematic use of professional oral hygiene. An individually modeled abutment is an artificial structure that is manufactured in accordance with the specific anatomical and topographical conditions of the edentulous area of the alveolar process in the area of dental implant installation, which ensures the formation of the contour of the eruption. The use of individually modeled abutments improves the hygienic condition of the oral cavity, reduces inflammatory-dystrophic changes of the mucous membrane, reduces the risks of bone tissue dehiscence in the peri-implant area, which allows prolonging the period of use of orthopedic structures.