DENTAL STATUS AND SERUM VITAMIN D LEVELS IN WOMEN IN LABOR AND YOUNG CHILDREN

Abstract

Vitamin D plays an important role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. Vitamin D deficiency and deficiency is currently considered a global problem not only because of its prevalence, but also because of the involvement of vitamin D in regulating the expression of genes associated with numerous physiological processes in the human body. Scientists have found that low levels of vitamin D in pregnant women can lead to the development of tooth decay in their children in the future. Lack of vitamin D causes problems with enamel, which directly provides increased caries. Enamel formation begins at the fetal stage, and a lack of vitamin D during this period will definitely have a negative effect on oral health even before teething begins. Purpose of the study. Study of the level of total vitamin D in the blood serum of women in labor and their newborn babies up to 3 years of age, as well as the state of hard tissues of young children's teeth under the influence of the proposed scheme for the Prevention of major dental diseases. Materials and methods of research. 37 pregnant women and 37 infants aged 0 to 3 years were examined. During the dental examination, indicators of the prevalence and intensity of caries in pregnant women were studied using the CPVP and Cpvz indices. Periodontal condition was assessed based on the determination of the papillary-marginal-alveolar index (PMA, %) in the Parma modification (1960). In the blood serum of pregnant women and subsequently in their children in dynamics from newborn to 3 years, the content of total vitamin D was determined. Children of the main group visited the dentist 1 time in 6 months. Parents used sanitary napkins for dental care, later – lacalut baby toothpaste 0-2 years old, Slurem gel 1 time a day for 30 days 4 times a year. Aquadetrim ® vitamin D3 ‒ 500 IU 1 time a day in a spoonful of milk). Children of the comparison group lived abroad after birth, contacted their parents once every 6 months (or if necessary), and certain recommendations were given, as well as children of the main group. Oral care was carried out by parents without the supervision of a dentist, hygiene products were selected by parents according to the assortment of the corresponding country.During statistical processing of the obtained results, the computer program STATISTICA 6.1. was used to assess their reliability and measurement errors. Results and their discussion. In the course of the study, it was found that 8.1% of the examined women had a vitamin D deficiency in the blood serum; 56.8 % ‒ an insufficient level of provision; 35.1 % ‒ an optimal supply of vitamin D. 29.7% of newborns out of 37 had insufficient vitamin D supply; 70.3% of infants had indicators ranging from 30.0 to 86.6 ng/mL. Regardless of the type of feeding and taking cholecalciferol, the level of vitamin D in the blood serum of children from 0 to 3 years decreased and by the end of the 3rd year of life reached indicators when the number of children with indicators above 30 ng/mL was only 24.3 %. In the third year of life, the prevalence of caries in children of the main group is 39.1%, in the comparison group – 64.28 %. Caries preventive effect for 3 years of follow-up in the main group compared to the comparison group is 81.84 %. Conclusions. Thus, we can assume that the proposed therapeutic and preventive complex is effective for the health of young children and can be used for the Prevention of dental diseases. It can be assumed that vitamin D deficiency and deficiency is a risk factor for the development of caries and other diseases of the hard tissues of the teeth. Further clinical and experimental studies can substantiate and validate the data and establish the mechanisms underlying the occurrence of dental hard tissue pathologies in children and determine whether correction of vitamin D deficiency or deficiency can contribute to the Prevention of caries and non-carious dental lesions. We consider it appropriate to consider vitamin D doses for babies from 1000 IU aged 1-6 months. up to 1500 IU at the age of 6 Months-3 years.