SPECTRO-COLORIMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF THERAPEUTIC AND PROPHYLACTIC MEASURES ON THE DEGREE OF GUM INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF PERIODONTAL TISSUE DAMAGE

Abstract

Periodontitis, which is one of the most common dental problems, causes serious consequences, such as tooth loss and systemic complications, which emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease. Our study focuses on the use of spectrocolorimetry, which, by determining color changes in gum tissue, is becoming an innovative tool for assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic measures and the dynamics of periodontitis treatment. Purpose of the study. To study the degree of gingival inflammation in patients with periodontitis in the course of prophylactic measures using spectrocolorimetric assessment. Materials and methods. The study involved 63 patients with varying degrees of periodontal tissue damage aged 35-60 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Treatment of patients in the main group was accompanied by the use of the developed complex. A spectro-colorimetric assessment of inflammatory processes in the gums of patients with periodontitis during prophylactic measures was performed using Schiller- Pisarev solution, which were quantified in optical and color indicators using a Pulsar-type spectro-colorimeter adapted for dental purposes. A statistically significant difference between alternative quantitative features with a distribution corresponding to the normal law was evaluated using Student’s t-test. The difference was considered statistically significant at p<0.01. Research results. In patients of both groups, a rather strong staining of the gingival mucosa with the solution was noted, both in the short-wave and long-wave regions of the visible wavelength range, which indicated, respectively, a violation of the functioning of the protective-barrier system hyaluronic acid – hyaluronidase and the presence of glycogen accompanying inflammatory processes in periodontal tissues. The data demonstrate a positive effect of prophylactic measures on the condition of the gums in patients of the main group in relation to the comparison group. Changes in the light reflection coefficient may indicate a decrease in inflammatory processes and improvement of gingival condition. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate a reduced barrier protection of the gums in the examined patients with periodontitis, accompanied by increased permeability of the gums to the solution dye and, consequently, microorganisms, as well as a positive reaction of the solution to the reserve polysaccharide glycogen, which indicates the presence of inflammation in the gums. A progressive decrease in the intensity of inflammatory processes in the gums of patients in the main group in relation to the comparison group was revealed, which indicates the importance of continuing and expanding the clinical implementation of these methods in dental practice. An important aspect of the study is the identification of a long-term positive effect of treatment and prophylactic measures on the condition of periodontal tissues, which indicates the potential of these measures to prevent the progression of periodontitis.